How horses shape Vietnam's culture, from sacred rites to thrilling festivals
Horses indeed hold a deep and varied place in Vietnamese culture. They appear in daily work, sacred rituals, and lively festivals across the country. The language itself reflects this significance, using two distinct words—ngựa and mã—each carrying unique meanings tied to region and tradition.
For centuries, horses have supported Vietnamese communities in farming, transport, and warfare. Even today, ethnic minorities in mountainous areas rely on them for labour, prizing their strength and ability to navigate rough terrain. In the Central Highlands, their endurance and sharp memory make them indispensable for travel and work.
The cultural role of horses extends beyond practical use. Among the Nùng Din people, they are believed to guide the dead to the afterlife during key ceremonies. This sacred connection contrasts with their everyday presence, blending reverence with familiarity.
Festivals also highlight the horse's importance. During Lunar New Year, regions like Bắc Hà and Tam Đường host vibrant horse racing events. These races, such as the Go Thi Thung festival in Dak Lak, trace back to historical traditions of ethnic groups. Held on the ninth day of the first lunar month, they now feature alongside dances, boat races, and ancestor worship, keeping heritage alive. The 2026 Spring Festival will continue this legacy, celebrating both competition and community.
Language mirrors these cultural layers. The word mã, linked to northern Vietnam, carries refined and lucky associations. Meanwhile, ngựa, rooted in the south, describes traits in a blunt, earthy way. Both terms reflect how horses are seen—sometimes noble, sometimes plain, but always meaningful.
From daily labour to sacred rites and festive races, horses remain woven into Vietnamese life. Their roles vary by region, yet their presence endures in work, belief, and celebration. As traditions like the Go Thi Thung festival persist, the bond between people and horses stays as strong as ever.
